Zones of Data Translation aims at further extending technological bridges of understanding between the university, community groups and members of the public via the workshop as method. This follow-on proposal builds directly on our previous AHRC grant, Our Data Ourselves (AH/L007770/1), wherein we examined ways of understanding and reclaiming the data that young people produce on smartphone devices. More specifically, we explored the growing usage and centrality of mobiles in the lives of young people between the ages of 14 and 18 years old, questioning what data-making possibilities exist if users can either uncover and/or capture what data controllers such as Facebook monetize and share about themselves with third-parties. These initial interventions into the enclosed processes of datafication were meant as a preliminary investigation into the possibilities that arise when young people are given back the data which they are normally structurally precluded from accessing. The challenges inherent in these uneven processes of datafication are shared both by researchers and the general public, particularly given the lack of democratic control or public awareness around the material processes that enable the capture and privatised use of our data. Because of this problematic, we see great potential in collaborating with and learning from the civically minded technology and data advocacy NGO, Tactical Tech Collective. Their mandate is to work with a broad range of publics to raise awareness about personal data, privacy and digital security. Together, we will extend our interdisciplinary methodological approach by sharing existing tools in order to co-design two new workshops. Sharing the MobileMiner Application and original infrastructure from the Our Data Ourselves grant will further enable us to engage new publics. To accomplish this goal we have five core activities animating our objectives: 1) First, upon completion of our participation in the Glass Room in London, we will further collaborate with Tactical Tech and make available the MobileMiner application for both the future and long term impact of this original tool from the Our Data Ourselves grant. 2) Second, we will collaborate with Tactical Tech to produce two unique workshops, which will be trialled at two separate events-one with the Open Rights Group and the other at King's College London. 3) Third, to launch the workshop at King's College London, we will hold a symposium, bringing together academics and community practitioners who are practicing and theorising interdisciplinary methodological approaches to Big Data. 4) Fourth, Tactical Tech will profile one of our co-designed workshops at their 2018/19 Glass Room Event. 5) Fifth,we will produce an Impact Report that will address a general audience of NGOs in the field, drawing from the aforementioned activities and best practices. In working with the Tactical Tech Collective, we will ask the following questions as we develop our impact: - How is Tactical Tech already mobilising the workshop as an interdisciplinary tool to study the material environment of social big data? How can this then be harnessed by humanities researchers for greater impact and engagement? - How can we leverage the results of 'Our Data Ourselves' to engage new audiences beyond the classroom and the academic workshop? - How can the techno-cultural method inform the development of new collaborative spaces to facilitate innovative humanities research that can engage the general public, augmenting knowledge exchanges between experts and non-experts?

Security systems break because design practices focus too much on mechanisms, at the expense of clearly-defined properties. The vision of this research is to bring about a shift of emphasis to highlight the properties that security systems are expected to provide. This will be done by developing methods for verification of security systems. I will focus on a selection of interconnected real-world problems that are of great importance to society, but that are currently in need of greater industry/academe cooperation. The combination of fundamental research with close collaboration with industry, government and users is expected to achieve significant results and impact. I will develop and apply new methods and techniques to create and analyse solutions in three areas:* Trusted computing is an industry-led technology that aims to root security in hardware. Since its launch, academics including me have discovered significant issues that threaten to undermine its potential at providing a range of security benefits. This has arisen because industry does not have the expertise to analyse the protocols.* Electronic voting is an application currently attracting significant interest from government and industry, but numerous security issues have resulted in failure of confidence among politicians, commentators and public alike.* Privacy for citizens using electronic services is hotly debated by journalists and user groups and politicians, but has been substantially eroded by new technologies and policies.In these three areas, there is currently the risk of significant waste of resources on inappropriate or unaccepted technologies, resulting in user disempowerment and exclusion. The outcomes of this fellowship are intended to address that risk.A distinguishing feature of the proposal is the substantial engagement with industry and user groups that are active in these three areas. As a result of discussions with them, several organisations have committed significant resources, including cash contribution, manager and developer time, and access to users and experts.

The REsearch centre on Privacy, Harm Reduction and Adversarial INfluence online (REPHRAIN) will bring together the UK's substantial academic, industry, policy and third sector capabilities to address the current tensions and imbalances between the substantial benefits to be gained by full participation in the digital economy and the potential for harm through loss of privacy, insecurity, disinformation and a myriad of other online harms. Combining world-leading experts from the Universities of Bristol, Edinburgh, Bath, King's and UCL, the REPHRAIN Centre will use an interdisciplinary approach - alongside principles of responsible innovation and creative engagement - to develop new insights that allow the socio-economic benefits of a digital economy to be maximised whilst minimising the online harms that emerge from this. REPHRAIN's leadership team will drive these insights in technical, social, behavioural, policy and regulatory research on privacy, privacy enhancing technologies and online harms, through an initial scoping phase and 25 inaugural projects. The work of REPHRAIN will be focused around three core missions and four engagement and impact objectives. Mission 1 emphasises the requirement to deliver privacy at scale whilst mitigating its misuse to inflict harms. This will focus on reconciling the tension between data privacy and lawful expectations of transparency by not only drawing heavily on advances in privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs), but also leveraging the full range of socio-technical approaches to rethink how we can best address potential trade-offs. Mission 2 emphasises the need to minimise harms whilst maximising the benefits from a sharing-driven digital economy, redressing citizens' rights in transactions in the data-driven economic model by transforming the narrative from privacy as confidentiality only to also include agency, control, transparency and ethical and social values. Finally, Mission 3 focuses on addressing the balance between individual agency and social good, developing a rigorous understanding of what privacy represents for different sectors and groups in society (including those hard to reach), the different online harms to which they may be exposed, and the cultural and societal nuances impacting effectiveness of harm-reduction approaches in practice. These missions are supported by four engagement and impact objectives that represent core pillars of REPHRAIN's approach: (1) design and engagement; (2) adoption and adoptability; (3) responsible, inclusive and ethical innovation; and (4) policy and regulation. Combined, these objectives will deliver co-production, co-creation and impact at scale across academia, industry, policy and the third sector. These activities will be complemented by a capability fund, which will ensure that REPHRAIN activities remain flexible and responsive to current issues, addressing emerging capability gaps, maximising impact and cultivating a public space for collaboration. REPHRAIN will be managed by a Strategic Board and supported by an External Advisory Group, the REPHRAIN Ethics Board, and will work with multiple external stakeholders across industry, public, and the third sector. Outcomes from the centre will be synthesised into the REPHRAIN Toolbox - a one-stop resource for researchers, practitioners, policy-makers, regulators and citizens - which will contribute to developing a culture of continuous learning, collaboration and open engagement and reflection within the area of online harm reduction. Overall, REPHRAIN focuses on interdisciplinary leadership provided by a highly experienced team and supported by state-of-the-art facilities, to develop and apply scientific expertise to ensure that the benefits of a digital society can be enjoyed safely and securely by all.

Our 21st century lives will be increasingly connected to our digital identities, representations of ourselves that are defined from trails of personal data and that connect us to commercial and public services, employers, schools, families and friends. The future health of our Digital Economy rests on training a new generation of leaders who can harness the emerging technologies of digital identity for both economic and societal value, but in a fair and transparent manner that accommodates growing public concern over the use of personal data. We will therefore train a community of 80 PhD students with the interdisciplinary skills needed to address the profound challenges of digital identity in the 21st century. Our training programme will equip students with a unique blend of interdisciplinary skills and knowledge across three thematic aspects of digital identity - enabling technologies, global impacts and people and society - while also providing them with the wider research and professional skills to deliver a research project across the intersection of at least two of these. Our students will be situated within Horizon, a leading centre for Digital Economy research and a vibrant environment that draws together a national research Hub, CDT and a network of over 100 industry, academic and international partners. Horizon currently provides access to a large network of over 75 potential supervisors, ranging from from leading Professors to talented early career researchers. Each student will work with an industry, public, third sector or international partner to ensure that their research is grounded in real user needs, to maximise its impact, and also to enhance their employability. These external partners will be involved in co-sponsorship, supervision, providing resources and hosting internships. Our external partners have already committed to co-sponsor 30 students so far, and we expect this number to grow. Our centre also has a strong international perspective, working with international partners to explore the global marketplace for digital identity services as well as the cross-cultural issues that this raises. This will build on our success in exporting the CDT model to China where we have recently established a £17M International Doctoral Innovation Centre to train 50 international students in digital economy research with funding from Chinese partners. We run an integrated four-year training programme that features a bespoke core covering key topics in digital identity, optional advanced specialist modules, practice-led team and individual projects, training in research methods and professional skills, public and external engagement, and cohort building activities including an annual writing retreat and summer school. The first year features a nine month structured process of PhD co-creation in which students, supervisors and external partners iteratively refine an initial PhD topic into a focused research proposal. Building on our experience of running the current Horizon CDT over the past five years, our management structure responds to external, university and student input and manages students through seven key stages of an extended PhD process: recruitment, induction, taught programme, PhD co-creation, PhD research, thesis, and alumni. Students will be recruited onto and managed through three distinct pathways - industry, international and institutional - that reflect the funding, supervision and visiting constraints of working with varied external partners.

Horizon is a multidisciplinary centre for Digital Economy (DE) research and impact. We balance the development of new technologies to capture and analyse human data, with explorations of how these can be used to deliver powerful experiences to people, with an awareness and understanding of the human and social values that must underpin these. We follow a user-centred approach, undertaking research in the wild based on principles of open innovation. In its first phase, Horizon has established a core team of over 50 researchers and has reached out to build a wider network of 35 academic and 200 industry, public and third-sector partners. We have established a Centre for Doctoral Training and inaugurated the DE All Hands series of conferences and national DE CDT Summer School. World-class scientific outputs in diverse disciplines have been balanced with economic, cultural and societal impact. This proposal builds on this critical mass to enable a step-change in Horizon's translational research and impact. We respond to the changing nature of the digital economy as it matures, as the social, physical and digital become blended and as human data becomes an increasingly valuable asset. We offer a vision in which human data enables the creation and delivery of highly personal experiences. We propose to address three major challenges. The first is to establish new technologies that collect and interpret our human data in a more transparent way. The second is to be able to better understand and design new kinds of experiences that employ these technologies to promote the values of personal fulfilment, wellbeing and sustainability. The third is to address key ethical challenges around design for privacy and new models of ownership. We will work closely with a range of external partners whose interests span: computing and analytics; social policy; and diverse sectors of the DE including creative industries, retail, fast moving consumer goods, finance, energy, transportation and healthcare. We will engage these through a programme of agile translational research projects. These will be integrated into an overarching strategic impact campaign that revolves around three flagships. In turn, these will be supported by two further programmes; one targeted at sustaining the wider DE community and the second at developing the capacity of our researchers to deliver translational research and impact.