The Anglo-Norman Dictionary (AND) is the only dictionary which attempts to give a comprehensive account of the French language as it was used in the British Isles after the Norman Conquest in 1066. Initially published in book form from 1977 to 1992, a thoroughgoing revision has been under way since c. 1990 ; it has currently reached M. The new edition, at first printed (MHRA, 2005) for A-E, is now an exclusively online dictionary (www.anglo-norman.net), freely available with no restrictions of access. It is widely respected as the authority on Anglo-Norman vocabulary and in 2011 was awarded the prestigious "Prix Honoré Chavée" by the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres in Paris. The present proposal is for a continuation of this revision for the letters N to Q. In addition, we propose several substantive additions and innovations: i) a complete overhaul and expansion of the "usage labels" (which indicate domains in which particular words are used: e.g. botanical, legal, or commercial), with the added ability to search by these labels and pull out (for example) all terms pertaining to architecture; ii) the introduction of systematic cross-references to the immediately related dictionaries of French, Latin, and English; iii) the addition of short narrative accounts after entries to explain editorial decisions and to provide extra linguistic, social, or historical information. This last element reinforces the extent to which the AND, like any serious dictionary, also documents and charts the reality of (in this case, medieval) society. Anglo-Norman was the language of the Conqueror and his followers but it rapidly became the language of a flourishing imaginative literature, and the vehicle for administration, the law, and commerce both within the British Isles, and internationally. It was a variety of medieval French, the most important language after Latin in the Middle Ages, used throughout the whole of Western Europe in diplomacy, trade, science, and literature. The British Isles were of course multilingual throughout the Middle Ages. Inevitably, Anglo-Norman is thus important not only for the history of French (for which it supplies many of the oldest surviving literary texts) and the history of British and Irish society, but also as a main language of record alongside medieval Latin and perhaps most significantly, Middle English. The Anglo-Norman element in medieval and indeed modern English is massively important and the progress of the AND is at last making possible a proper understanding of it (and of its relationship to the other languages of the British Isles). It is striking, for example, how much Anglo-Norman there is -- and increasingly -- in the Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources, and in the dictionaries of English (Middle English Dictionary, OED); and the AND editors take particular pride in the extent to which the new OED etymologies make extensive use of the AND. In addition to the main purpose of the present project, which is the revision and improvement of the AND, it is also, and increasingly, the case that the AND (like the language it records) cannot and would not wish to operate in isolation. For several decades, the project has been closely linked to major, high-calibre dictionary enterprises not only in the UK (DMLBS and now OED), but also abroad: the Etymological Dictionary of Old French (DEAF) in Germany, and in France, the Dictionary of Middle French for the period 1330-1500, the French Etymological Dictionary (FEW), and the recently-launched pan-European Romance Etymological Dictionary, based in Nancy (France) and Saarbrücken (Germany). As all of these dictionaries are increasingly electronic, the very real prospect of interlinking them, and working in closer collaboration on our common objectives, is now on the horizon, and the AND, as the major British Romance element in the group, fully intends to be part of the European future in this regard.

Doctoral Training Partnerships: a range of postgraduate training is funded by the Research Councils. For information on current funding routes, see the common terminology at https://www.ukri.org/apply-for-funding/how-we-fund-studentships/. Training grants may be to one organisation or to a consortia of research organisations. This portal will show the lead organisation only.

This project, through novel and unique analysis methods applied to coronagraph (and other) data, aims to improve the forecasting of the quiescent solar wind and potentially hazardous space weather conditions at Earth. A ballistic solar wind model will be constrained by novel empirical boundary conditions at a point where the solar wind flow has already become radial. The application of boundary conditions at R~6Rs is unique to this project and allows the meaningful study of solar wind characteristics which are currently highly uncertain, such as acceleration. Improvements in space weather forecasting depend primarily on three related categories: (1) Better observations of the Sun, corona, and solar wind; (2) Greater understanding of the physical processes operating in the corona and solar wind; (3) Improvements in data analysis and forecasting methods. The proposed work belongs to the third category and contributes to the other two.

This interdisciplinary project will assess the potential for dogs to detect snail intermediate hosts of zoonotic trematode parasites, comparing their efficacy with current techniques using human searches and eDNA. Fasciolosis, caused by infection with the trematodes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, is recognised as an emerging zoonotic disease, with an estimated 2.4 million people infected annually and 180 million considered 'at risk'. Current methods to identify host presence requires intensive sampling of microhabitat, but habitat is not a reliable indicator of host presence. Scent detection dogs are an efficient tool in conservation, surveying large areas and detecting cryptic species effectively, outperforming human-based methods in 90% of cases, including detection of invasive snails and aquatic bivalves. This project will be the first to specifically aim to use dogs as a tool to detect gastropod intermediate parasite hosts focussing on Galba truncatula as a model species.

According to Hannah Arendt, the only truly universal right is 'the right to have rights' (1951: 376). That is, a right to belong to a rights-bearing political community: citizenship. The problem is, Arendt's formulation sets up a contradiction between rights that are supposedly universal and particular citizenship regimes that exclude others. Consequently, to be stateless is to be rightless. In a contemporary context, the irregular migrant exemplifies the contradictions of the right to have rights. While not formally stateless, the insecure legal and political standing of many irregular migrants means they often live in liminal zones between legality and illegality. This legal insecurity regularly results in migrants being unable to access the rights that should be theirs according to the declarations, charters and treaties on human rights (Anderson, 2013; De Genova, 2010; Sigona, 2016). Building on research undertaken during my PhD, this project starts from the premise that in order to address the problem of rightlessness it is necessary to rethink citizenship. I do this by developing a new conceptual approach: citizenship as method. Citizenship as method is a post-foundational framework for analysing the constitution, contestation and re-articulation of citizenship. This research will use the figure of the rights-claiming migrant as the locus around which to explore the contradictions between universal rights and citizenship as well as the political processes through which citizenship is challenged and resignified. Using the framework of citizenship as method, this project provides a set of resources for the practical negotiation of contemporary citizenship: a rights-claiming analytic for navigating particular discursive articulations and a new account of the sites at which transformational practices of citizenship occur. As such, citizenship as method not only contributes to the field of citizenship studies but has practical importance, resonating with the concerns and objectives of migrant rights policy-makers and activists. The three journal articles that I will submit set out the conceptual framework of citizenship as method and outline the contributions of my research in two specific fields: social and legal theory, and democratic theory. The new research undertaken during this fellowship will allow me to further develop and test the conceptual framework of citizenship as method by investigating a new research area identified in my doctoral thesis and by addressing a (necessary) limitation in my PhD work. In order to develop a generalisable conceptual framework, my doctorate utilised a series of different illustrative examples. However, I suggested that further testing of citizenship as method requires using a different methodology by applying it to a single case study over a longer duration of time. As such, I will use the fellowship to start this process by undertaking preliminary research into the Abolish ICE movement and writing applications to fund further research. Citizenship as method is not a normative proposal; however, one of the outcomes of the research is a set of analytic resources that can be deployed to make strategic interventions in particular cases. The two proposed stakeholder workshops demonstrate the impact value of this approach. The first workshop, based on the Sanctuary movement, will utilise my research on critical legal theory and the Hostile Environment. It will look at: how the 2014 and 2016 Immigration Acts shape racialised citizenship practices (OHCHR 2019); how the Sanctuary initiative inhabits 'a-legal' (Harnecker 2007; Hughes 2019) citizenship spaces; and how it can be used to invent new forms of citizens (Cranshaw and Hughes 2019) and citizenship practices. The second workshop will be undertaken in partnership with LFM. It will build on the outcomes of my preliminary research into the Abolish ICE movement in order to make concrete and efficacious policy proposals.