EOSC Track will develop and operate the European Open Science Observatory, a policy intelligence tool that will monitor policies, investments, digital research outputs, skills and infrastructure capacities related to the Open Science and the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Its mission is to simplify and streamline monitoring in the European Open Science ecosystem, to bring a common understanding on how to collect and interpret data appropriate for monitoring, as well as to assist policymakers and research executives across Europe in understanding, shaping, and aligning Open Science and related policies and their implementation. Starting from the current EOSC Observatory developed during the EOSC Future project (TRL7), EOSC Track will transform the service into TRL9, making it an open, secure and trusted platform to serve as the go-to place for Open Science monitoring Europe. It will enhance it with features to improve usability, engagement and collaboration: automate data ingestion from trusted sources such as the OpenAIRE Graph, incorporate collaborative editing and validation of data, add interactive navigation and search, visualisations. It will complement with the EOS Resources Registry which will serve as a learning tool by including narratives from experts to demonstrate the internal processes towards the OS implementation in a country, and stories for impact or best practice. EOSC Track will explore the sustainability of the EOS Observatory by fostering a co-design process with the EOSC tripartite partnership and other interested stakeholders. The objective is to align various monitoring initiatives, offer practical assistance in data collection, and generate 360o reports to establish a de-facto hub for all information around monitoring Open Science and EOSC in Europe. Fast forwarding to 2027, EOSC Track will facilitate a dialogue with the EOSC tripartite Governance to develop a roadmap for ensuring long-term sustainability.

Data is central for energy research and analysis. Unfortunately, energy data is often difficult to find, mixed in different repositories, and generally fragmented. This results in a lack of efficiency for research and energy transition management. EnerMaps aims to improve data availability, data quality, and data management for industry (in particular renewable technology industry), energy planners, energy utilities, energy managers, energy consultants, public administration officers specialised in the energy sector and policy decision makers as well as social innovation experts and data providers, applying FAIR principles. To this end, we focus on three axes: a) The creation of two tools working in conjunction: a scientific community dashboard providing a critical mass of energy datasets in one common tool, and a data management tool providing a quality-check selection of crucial data with an integrated visualization and calculation modules. Both tools will be freely accessible to all users. b) Scientific communication: we increase current capacities of publicly-financed R&I projects to communicate their newly created datasets through enrichment and promotion activities. The aim is to increase the probability of seeing these datasets reused. c) Capacity building on data management: an extensive set of formation is organized for lead-user representatives. The use of action-learning techniques and the application of a “train the trainer” approach ensures the efficiency of the training programs. The project collaborates actively with European-wide data management initiatives such as the European Open Science Cloud Initiative and integrates actively its future users into the development of the different tools to insure their usefulness.

PathOS aims to identify and quantify the Key Impact Pathways of Open Science relating to the research system and its interrelations with economic and societal actors. PathOS will enable a new understanding of OS impacts and their causal mechanisms through its workplan encompassing actions to synthesise and structure current evidence, development of new methods and tools for measuring impact, iterative pilot-testing via in-depth case studies, innovative dissemination and networking, and co-creation synthesis activities culminating in policy recommendations. This is pivotal in order to develop effective OS policy in the EU. It will do so by collecting concrete evidence of the causal effects of OS by studying the pathways of OS practices, from input to output, outcome and impact, including the consideration of enabling factors and key barriers. Impacts and pathways will be developed in particular in the three areas of science, society and economy. By investigating, measuring and comparing its costs and benefits together with its pathways, PathOS will (i) bring a better understanding of the implications of open science for science, economy and society, (ii) provide recommendations to policy makers and other actors in the R&I ecosystem as to how and to what extent open science should be promoted in a balanced way, and (iii) develop innovative tools and methods using a big data to augment traditional ones for studying the causal effects of open science. This will enable evidence-based Open Science policy prioritisation, maximum OS impact, and increased R&I capacity in EU research systems.

The European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) aims to establish a FAIR research system in Europe through the EOSC Federation, enabling researchers to share and analyze data across disciplines and borders. The EOSC United project plays a crucial role in uniting the research community within this federation. The EOSC EU Node, launching in autumn 2024, will serve as the foundation for the EOSC Federation, providing blueprints and an interoperability framework for future nodes. It aims to promote multidisciplinary research by leveraging FAIR data and services across Europe and beyond. EOSC United supports the European Commission and EOSC EU Node contractors in promoting resource uptake. It engages various stakeholders, facilitates user involvement through use cases and adoption calls in collaboration with EOSC Gravity to showcase early successes. The project provides feedback on the EOSC EU Node's evolution and helps shape the EOSC Federation's governance and operational framework. Through these efforts, EOSC United aims to solidify EOSC's position in future EU framework programmes and ensure its success as a collaborative and sustainable research infrastructure. The project's work is essential in realizing the vision of open, accessible, and reusable scientific data across Europe.

Lack of reproducibility of research results has become a major theme in recent years. As we emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic, economic pressures (increasing scrutiny of research funding) and exposed consequences of lack of societal trust in science make addressing reproducibility of urgent importance. TIER2 does so by selecting 3 broad research areas (social, life and computer sciences) and 2 cross-disciplinary stakeholder groups (research publishers and funders) to systematically investigate reproducibility across contexts. The project starts by thoroughly examining the epistemological, social and technical factors (epistemic diversity) which shape the meanings and implications of reproducibility across contexts. Next, we build a state-of-the-art evidence-base on existing reproducibility interventions, tools and practices, identifying key knowledge gaps. Then TIER2 will use (co-creation) techniques of scenario-planning, backcasting and user-centred design to select, prioritise, design/adapt and implement new tools/practices to enhance reproducibility across contexts. Alignment activities ensure tools are EOSC-interoperable, & capacity-building actions with communities (i.e., Reproducibility Networks) will facilitate awareness, skills and community-uptake. Systematic assessment of the efficacy of interventions across contexts will synthesise knowledge on reproducibility gains and savings. A final roadmap for future reproducibility, including policy recommendations is co-created with stakeholders. Thus, TIER2 will significantly boost knowledge on reproducibility, create tools, engage communities, implement interventions and policy across different contexts to increase re-use and overall quality of research results in the European Research Area and global R&I, and consequently increase trust, integrity and efficiency in research.