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LJMU

Liverpool John Moores University
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314 Projects, page 1 of 63
  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 864724
    Overall Budget: 1,989,290 EURFunder Contribution: 1,989,290 EUR

    Risk research represents an important challenge for the resilience and sustainability of container supply chains (CSCs). Its foci are being expanded from classical safety, through security to climate adaptation. Addressing such risks simultaneously requires integration across disciplines and research methodologies. The research community currently lacks a critical understanding of non-classical CSC risks arising from climate change, security threats (e.g. cyber-attacks), and emerging technologies (e.g. autonomous ships) in the digital industrial era. Through ground-breaking and interdisciplinary research, TRUST aims to address the key research question regarding which kinds of risk schemes can harness science and technology most effectively to achieve long-term resilient and sustainable CSC systems. The findings will shift the traditional risk management practice paradigm and deliver a novel programme that will enable the quantification, integration and communication of risk information from different areas and facilitate the movement of risk culture from a reactive single-dimensional scheme towards a proactive multi-dimensional regime. The programme divides into three integrated domains: 1) exploring and quantifying climate risks to rationalise adaptation planning; 2) forecasting security risks to address the most commanding threats in CSCs; and 3) advancing holistic safety approaches for CSCs involving new techniques and environments (e.g. Arctic shipping). The combination of objective (from historical accidents) and subjective (from stakeholders’ perceptions) risk data will inform the exploitation of the advances in new safety and security risk models to enhance climate risk and adaptation studies in a complementary way. The work will address the significant methodological issues associated with resilience and sustainability sciences and advance the state-of-the-art to a point where robust CSCs can be developed and realised, even under deep uncertainty.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 275201
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  • Funder: UK Research and Innovation Project Code: PP/C50603X/1
    Funder Contribution: 129,957 GBP

    Modern astronomers have a very detailed knowledge of the physics of stars; their structure and chemical composition, how they generate energy through nuclear burning, and how they behave and evolve over time. However this is not the case for galaxies - even our own Milky Way galaxy. We really do not know in any detail how galaxies formed, how their structure evolves over time and how this is all related to the stars which are in them. In order to tackle this problem we need detailed information on the distances, ages and chemical compositions of as many objectives as possible within our galaxy, for both individual stars and for star (or stellar) clusters. Probably the most important objects in this type of study are globular clusters. These large, dense clusters of stars inhabit the outer parts of the Galaxy, and are believed to be some of the oldest objects in the Universe - they are effectively a fossil record of the state of the Galaxy at very early times. The forthcoming ESA satellite mission, GAIA (due for launch around 2010), will be able to measure very precise distances to up to a billion individual stars in our Galaxy and beyond. Perhaps more importantly, GAIA will be able to directly measure distances to many stellar clusters, including globular clusters, for the first time. GAIA will also be able to provide information on the chemical composition and ages of stars and clusters, enabling astronomers to form a very detailed picture of the structure of our galaxy. GAIA will use the same method of measuring distances as one of ESA's previous satellite missions, Hipparcos. Hipparcos measured distances to around 100,000 stars in the 'local' part of our galaxy, and the data became available to astronomers in 1997. Since then it has been used by many groups studying the properties of various types of stars and stellar clusters. However, very recently it has become evident that there is a significant problem with some of the Hipparcos data, in particular for one of the nearby stellar clusters, the Pleiades. The method used to calculate the distance to the Pleiades gives a much shorter distance than was expected from earlier, pre-Hipparcos studies, and at first it was assumed that Hipparcos must be giving the right answer. However, recent work done by myself (and other groups), based on our detailed knowledge of the properties of particular types of stars, has shown that in fact the Hipparcos distance to the Pleiades really is too short. My work is based on a method which uses other Hipparcos data for nearby field stars (i.e. stars which are not in clusters) and led to the conclusion that there are inconsistencies within the Hipparcos data itself. The Hipparcos team have now admitted that there is a problem with the way in which some of their data was interpreted - this problem mainly affects the way in which distances to stellar clusters are calculated but does not appear to be a problem for individual stars. Floor van Leeuwen, a member of the Hipparcos team, is currently working on a complete re-analysis of all the Hipparcos data. this will be finished in the next few months and made publicly available. The experience with the Hipparcos data has shown how important it is to keep on developing other methods of determining the distances, ages and chemical compositions of objects in the Galaxy in order to provide a 'consistency check' for the results which come out of the various satellite missions. My proposed work will develop and expand on methods of distance and age determination of important stellar clusters, in particular globular clusters, using techniques which I have already applied to Hipparcos data. I propose to first test these methods on nearby stellar clusters, using the revised Hipparcos data when it becomes available. I will then develop the methods so that they can be applied to globular clusters, in preparation for the detailed analysis which will be possible once we have GAIA

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  • Funder: UK Research and Innovation Project Code: G0501286
    Funder Contribution: 162,102 GBP

    Many people now work at unusual hours of the day. Shift-work is no longer restricted to heavy industry but is now more common in E-commerce and telesales occupations to meet the need for 24-hour services. Shift-work is associated with greater health problems (e.g. chronic fatigue, gastro-intestinal and cardiovascular problems) than normal 9am-5pm day-work. It is unclear whether these problems are due to disturbances of the body clock and/or a decreased opportunity to adopt the desired amount and timing of lifestyle and social factors. With more than 20 years experience in researching this area, the possession of new facilities in our shift-work simulation unit, as well as a history of field-based research, the Chronobiology Research Group at Liverpool John Moores University will address these gaps in knowledge. We will explore such questions as, how does shift-work interfere with physical activity and eating habits? How does prior exercise influence metabolic responses and performance during a night-shift? What are the longer-term acceptability and the health consequences of a physical activity/dietary intervention programme? A qualitative component to the project ensures that shift-workers inform the research process throughout. Research findings will be disseminated, as they emerge, to employers and individual shift-workers.

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  • Funder: European Commission Project Code: 268242
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