Celignis is an SME service provider focused on the compositional analysis of biomass for advanced biofuels and biorefinery applications. We are also active in several research projects related to the analysis, pre-treatment, and valorisation of biomass. Celignis is now expanding its horizons to develop innovative solutions for the production of biobased products, such as hydrogels from plant biomass. SAPHIRE “Self-Assembling Plant-based Hydrogels Induced by Redox Enzymes” is a novel process designed to produce environmentally-friendly, 100% plant-based hydrogels for food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Hydrogels from natural polymers, especially polysaccharides, are non-toxic and biodegradable, unlike synthetic hydrogels. The SAPHIRE process converts polysaccharides from underutilised agricultural residues to high-quality biobased hydrogels that can substitute for synthetic petroleum-based non-biodegradable hydrogels. The production of hydrogels from plant cell wall components using specially-designed enzyme cocktails is the key innovation of the SAPHIRE process. Celignis aims to grow as an actor in the biobased products industry by implementing the disruptive innovating SAPHIRE technology. However, while the laboratory infrastructure and many of the key multidisciplinary skills required for advancing the concept exist at Celignis, the innovation project needs additional research and development, particularly in the area of enzymes and plant cell wall modifications. An Innovation Associate, recruited through the Horizon 2020 INNOSUP programme, will complement the interdisciplinary innovation team of Celignis and fast-track the research to realise the potential of SAPHIRE. The Innovation Associate will benefit from integrating in Celignis’s dynamic and creative entrepreneurship environment and from training programs designed for personal and professional skills development and for setting a clear path to the scale-up and commercialisation of research.

The anaerobic digestion (AD) industry is currently facing serious environmental and economic challenges due to the restrictions on the usage of digestate (the slurry residue of the process), coupled with reductions in subsidies for biogas production. It is important for the biogas industry to shift towards an AD biorefinery approach to make valuable co-products from the digestate fraction while recovering nutrients. Algae is an efficient tool for recovering the nutrients due to its ability to assimilate the nutrients efficiently while producing biomass rich in proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. However, there are no relevant commercially-operating algal digestate treatment plants due to the high energy inputs required for producing and harvesting the algae. ALGALVANISE will advance the state-of-the art by developing two novel concepts: 1) enzyme-assisted enhanced algal cultivation; and 2) combinatorial bioflocculation using bacteria and biopolymers. These two processes are targeted towards efficient nutrient recovery by algae from the digestate and harvesting high-quality algal biomass to produce high-value functional ingredients. The proposed body of research involves extensive training of the hosted researcher in the development of skills that will have a clear positive impact regarding her professional development and career opportunities. It is expected that ALGALVANISE will enable the Researcher to progress significantly with regards to her career goals, a primary one regards being an independent researcher that can develop commercially-relevant high-impact research projects that develop and demonstrate innovations that can ultimately be deployed at flagship facilities. The innovations developed in ALGALVANISE could themselves ultimately lead to a flagship AD-algal biorefinery or they could develop the Researcher’s skills to such a degree that she could lead flagship projects, based on other technologies, in the future.

WoodVALOR adopts a circular approach by using contaminated wood as a sustainable feedstock to produce paints, coatings, and biochar, showcasing innovative waste valorization. The process converts low-value material into high-performance products while contributing to environmental restoration. The project compares advanced decontamination and fractionation methods with traditional pulping processes. Acrylic acid is produced from the wood's cellulose fraction through the lactic acid route, while fatty acids are obtained via yeast fermentation, ensuring resource efficiency and aligning with circular economy principles. The hemicellulose fraction is transformed into bio-based binders for coatings, reducing reliance on petroleum-derived alternatives. These binders are made more hydrophobic and durable by grafting acrylic acid and fatty acids onto the hemicellulose, enhancing water resistance and longevity. Lignin, often considered a byproduct, is repurposed to produce phenolics, which are grafted onto hemicellulose to further improve the coatings' properties. These coatings are then applied to wood surfaces, creating a closed-loop system where contaminated wood becomes protective material for other wood products. Biochar, produced from process residues, serves two functions. It is used for bioremediation of contaminated soils and in mineral recovery from contaminated wood. The recovered minerals can be reintegrated into coatings, closing another resource loop. By converting contaminated wood into materials that protect wood surfaces and treat soils, WoodVALOR highlights circularity. This approach minimizes waste, promotes resource recovery, and supports environmental health and material efficiency, contributing to a more sustainable EU industry and addressing the major challenges associated with contaminated wood waste.

UNRAVEL aims to develop advanced pre-treatment, separation and conversion technologies for complex lignocellulosic biomass to produce usable lignin fragments, and monomeric sugars from the cellulose and hemicellulose fraction suitable for biochemical conversions. The technologies will be scaled up from lab (TRL 3) to pilot plant (TRL 5). UNRAVEL will achieve a breakthrough in the valorisation of lignocellulosic biomass by: • Utilizing complex lignocellulosic biomass sources such as forest residues, bark, straw, and nut shells • Recovering valuable components by feedstock pre-extraction prior to fractionation • Achieving at least 80% lignin yield, 90% glucan recovery from the cellulose and 80% yield of monomeric hemicellulose sugars by utilizing the TNO FABIOLA™ low temperature, energy-efficient acetone based fractionation process • Purifying the hemicellulose hydrolysate and qualifying it for fermentation into chemical building blocks • Developing lignin depolymerisation technologies • Establishing high-value lignin applications through the production of lignin-based PUR & PIR foams and lignin-based additives in bitumen for roofing applications • Demonstrating a 30% OPEX and 15 % carbon footprint reduction of the pre-treatment UNRAVEL will develop an integrated cross-sector value chain by bringing together specialists with expertise on feedstock composition, chemical pulping and pre-treatment, enzymes production, polymer chemistry, separation and reactor engineering, techno-economic and sustainability assessments and knowledge dissemination and exploitation and communication. The active involvement of three SME's and two large enterprises, active in wood pulping and the production of lignin-based building materials, strengthens a market-driven approach and commercial exploitation and implementation of the results generated in the UNRAVEL project.

The BIOrescue project aims to develop and demonstrate a new innovative biorefinery concept based on the cascading use of spent mushroom substrate (SMS) supplemented by wheat straw (and other seasonal underutilised lignocellulosic feedstocks. i.e pruning residues, residual citrus peels and wastes). This new concept will avoid disposal and allow for the production of some biodegradable bio-based products and bioactive compounds that will help to replace the existing ones based on fossil resources. The research will help to expand the business opportunities of the mushroom cultivation farms, and the know-how and business opportunities of all the partners involved. The main innovations are: - Improved methods for the lab-based rapid (NIR) analysis of biomass - Innovative two step fractionation of SMS - Synergic effects for complete SMS glucan hydrolysis - Innovative enzyme immobilisation strategy - Development of highly efficient glucan-enzymes - Novel lignin based nano- and micro-carriers - Biopesticide production from monomeric sugars SMS derived and their packaging into nanocarriers The consortium involved is a representation of some BIC members including a large company (Monaghan Mushrooms) which is leading the proposal and some SMEs (MetGen Oy and CLEA Technologies) and BIC associate members (University of Naples and CENER). Additionally other relevant partners with well-known expertise in their respective areas contribute to the objectives. Among them some research organisations (Imperial College of London and Max Planck Institute of Polymers) and Innovative SMEs (Celignis Limited, Zabala Innovation Consulting, Greenovate Europe and C-TECH Innovation Ltd). The synergies between large industry and SME’s go beyond the scope of this project. There is a lot of potential for collaboration between agricultural industry (Monaghan) and biotechnology (MetGen and CLEA) to provide novel solutions for continuous circular economy in large agriculture-based value-chains.