The project FermeGé aims to study the impact of a discriminatory but rational tax- organization (1664-1794) on modern French territories and societies. It identifies the functional dynamics of an institution rooted in a culture of privilege, and hence Inequality, but just as much in an enlightened administrative culture which pursued efficiency. A veritable “State within a State”, endowed with formidable means of coercion but also power to conduct transactions, the royal general tax farms locally strengthened or weakened the sense of injustice at the interface with the plural societies on which it operated. The tension between a managerial logic informed by a forward-looking administrative science and law on the one hand, and geographical and social Identities on the other hand, produced a range of reactions which took the form of multi-semantic practices and discourses on inequality, up to and including violent radicalization. The project is based on interdisciplinary collaboration among for laboratories covering History-Geography-History of Law, while acknowledging heuristic advances in each discipline. It aims to provide the scientific community with new insights into this fiscal organization, which is not limited to the paradigm of a purely coercive organization, but above all FermGé will offer analyses of inequality in terms of the interface between Taxes, Territories and Societies. From the modern periode, it is true that Taxation was a tool for reducing inequalities thanks to administrative rationality, a tool which will be also used by the contemporary State. The originality of this project lies further in the questioning of a notional duality “inequality/rationality” based on a model of Inequalities Management (that of the royal Farms) which was exported abroad. We hypothesize that this duality can be applied to the study of any type of organization having global authority in a given territory. The project is organized around 3 work-axes: 1- Dictionary. Its scientific vocation is to update the historiography and to describe and qualify an inequal system. It aims geographic exhaustivity, which is a challenge that the project raises by soliciting specialists from several regions of France and Europe.2 – Atlas. It analyses the physical territorial presence of the general Farms by Provinces, but also by river basin and by Border. It respects the spirit of the project which wishes, beyond the known institutional and judicial data, to establish maps that represent the management of privileges. 3- An exploratory and cross-disciplinary History of the notional duality inequality/rationality. Axis 3 will seek an interchange of perspectives among researchers from different disciplines in order to gain an understanding of how spatial and social inequality was handled during the Age of Enlightenment. An interpretation seminar will be implemented. After these meetings, the first international colloquium on the subject (« Managing Privilege: the royal general Farms in the French and European areas ») is planned in two phases: one will deepen the work of the seminar; the other will extrapolate the management model of the privilege by opening the reflection to other historical tax-organizations. 4- An anchor in the principles of open science. The data and productions will be exposed according to the principles of FAIR data management. The project web site will be articulated to the platforms for linking data.