We propose a research and innovation project that aims to develop a rational, knowledge-based toolbox for the fabrication of (1) biodegradable and biocompatible associating (gel-forming) polymers, (2) nanogels and (3) nanoparticles tailored as multifunctional therapeutic agents in ophthalmological applications. We seek for novel methods to replace currently used approaches with biocompatible and biodegradable synthetic/natural polymers. Macromolecules of increasingly complex architectures including block, graft and star-like polymers will be explored with respect to their ability to build up transient networks or nanoparticles with well-controlled rheological and structural properties and targeted performance. Profound understanding of the relation between architectural complexity and properties of the macromolecules is crucial for the fabrication of functional polymer-based materials for biomedicine and will greatly enhance the competitiveness of Europe in the field. Such conceptual understanding can only be achieved based on a rational interdisciplinary approach, in which theory and simulations guide experiments. Our work plan includes the design, synthesis and characterization of novel macromolecular architectures dictated by theoretical and simulation outcomes on the properties of the materials, followed by toxicity and in vitro/in vivo testing of the materials/structures and industrial feasibility studies. The macromolecular assemblies will be investigated as complex carriers enabling (1) prolonged retention in the eye and (2) controlled ocular drug release under external stimuli (i.e. temperature, light, pH). The synergy resulting from the cooperation between world-leading in their respective fields academic groups and companies though the effective secondments plan will provide a unique interdisciplinary research and training environment that will allow to address unmet challenges in the area and will ensure European leadership in cutting-edge technologies.