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FireFront: A method for measuring and training firefighter sensemaking across multiple training platforms

Funder: European CommissionProject code: 2018-1-UK01-KA202-048113
Funded under: ERASMUS+ | Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices | Strategic Partnerships for vocational education and training Funder Contribution: 258,401 EUR

FireFront: A method for measuring and training firefighter sensemaking across multiple training platforms

Description

There are over 2.4 million firefighters across EU countries reflecting a vast professional population requiring innovative and effective vocational training. One of the primary (if not the primary) causes of accidents or, ‘near misses,’ on the fireground is a loss of, ‘situation awareness’ (Trippett, 2007). Situation awareness (SA) represents the capacity of the human brain to maintain an accurate understanding of a situation when there are many competing demands. Under pressured fireground operations, even the best-trained individual may have poor SA. When this occurs, key information may be overlooked or dismissed, or faulty information may be used to make critical decisions.A tool to assess SA in terms of information awareness has previously been developed in the FireMind project funded under the Erasmus+ programme and this tool has been successfully used, for example by the Fire Service Academy (IFV) in the Netherlands (Bomhof, 2017). FireMind has proved very successful in measuring SA in terms of how aware firefighters are of the information available to them (Arendtsen et al., 2016) and whether they tend to accept or reject available information when making decisions.The FireFront project has added an entirely new capability by introducing measures into the tool that assess not only firefighters’ SA, but also an entirely new measure of ‘situation understanding’ (SU), or ‘sensemaking’. SU is concerned not just with how much information an individual is aware of (and using to make decisions), but the understanding of that information. Highly trained individuals, such as firefighters, will use their knowledge, experience, and training to augment the sensory information available, predict what is likely to happen, and so support their decision-making. Whereas FireMind assessed awareness of information from the fireground, FireFront assesses firefighters’ understanding of the importance of that information; the tool name reflecting the likely involvement of higher cognitive functions in frontal brain regions in situation understanding.The aim of the FireFront project has been to develop the SA and SU measures as part of a complete ‘package’ that will present a scenario to firefighters, assess their SA and SU, and then give individualised feedback on their performance and what it means. Within the current project, the tool has been implemented across a number of training platforms as originally proposed as Output 03 (Methodologies for applying FireFront across different training platforms).The target group in this project are firefighters and those involved in their training. The three tool-versions have been used to successfully test over 1,700 firefighters across four countries – as well as 700 non-firefighters. The tool has been very well received by end-users. The online version of the tool incorporates a Likert rating scale asking firefighters how useful they found the training delivered by the tool to be (1, not useful – 10, very useful). The mean score was 8.2.Dissemination activities in the Netherlands and Estonia were very well received. The project generated a lot of interest, not just within the firefighting community, but also other groups including the other emergency services and the military. The flexibility of the tool means that any group could easily adapt the approach for use in their own training, and discussions to facilitate this are ongoing.

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